
Greenwashing is the use of vague, exaggerated, selective, or unsupported environmental claims that make a product, service, or company appear more sustainable than the evidence shows. The problem is not simply optimistic language. It is the gap between the impression a claim creates and the full operational impact behind it.
That gap matters to consumers and to businesses. The European Commission found that 53.3% of environmental claims in a 2020 review were vague, misleading, or unfounded, while 40% lacked supporting evidence. This guide explains what greenwashing looks like, how to test a claim, and how to build controls that keep sustainability marketing tied to documented work. It also includes a free template and six sustainability workflow templates that teams can adapt to their own operations.
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